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40:44ENGrant Sanderson: There's never been a better time to go into mathGrant Sanderson, Constantin Kogler · 3Blue1BrownStudents fear AI has solved mathematics. Grant Sanderson argues the opposite: even if machines prove theorems better than we do, the institution of math stays valuable—and this is a rare moment when newcomers can reshape it.
39:23ENThe Defenders' Window: Greg Brockman on AI-Generated Knowledge, Drug Discovery, and the New Physics of CybersecurityHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilOpenAI's president explains why solving open math problems is a proof point for science, how proactive agents change product form, and why security spending must exceed software spending.
48:14ENA New Drug Burns $2 Billion and 10 Years. Benchling's CEO Wants AI to Cut That to ThreeHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilMost medicines fail in years seven to ten, after hundreds of millions have already gone into the clinic—and Sajith Wickramasekara thinks sending things to space may already be easier.
2:28:14ENNature Has Structure: Demis Hassabis on Learnable Reality and AGIGuest Demis Hassabis · Host Lex FridmanThe Google DeepMind CEO argues that evolution-shaped systems can be modeled by classical learning, and that interactive world models sit on the path to AGI.
49:27ENFrom 0.1% to 20%: Chai-2 Turns Antibody Design Into Prompt EngineeringHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilChai Discovery co-founders Joshua Meier and Jack Dent tell Sarah Guo how a generative model now designs antibodies that bind on the first 24-well plate.
42:09ENAlphaEvolve found algorithms humans missed for 50 years — then sped up Gemini 23%Host Sarah Guo, Elad GilGoogle DeepMind’s Pushmeet Kohli and Matej Balog tell No Priors how an evolutionary coding agent searches algorithm space the way AlphaGo searched Go.
3:14:34ENIf ten things make a problem hard, Terence Tao turns nine of them offGuest Terence Tao · Host Lex FridmanThe Fields Medalist walks Lex Fridman from the Kakeya needle and Navier-Stokes through Lean, Perelman, and why today's AI still cannot smell a dead-end proof.
40:54ENDiscovery rates collapsed tenfold. KoBold still found a 5% copper depositHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilJosh Goldman explains why KoBold Metals treats mineral exploration as an information problem, pairing AI with century-old maps to hunt lithium and copper.
40:33ENModerna was only company 18. The real product is the company factoryHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilNoubar Afeyan tells No Priors how Flagship Pioneering turned starting companies into a profession, underwrites scientific uncertainty, and wants AI to run discovery the way Waymo drives.
57:41ENA Hundred Million Cells, Four People, Three Days: Biology's ImageNet MomentHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilVevo Therapeutics and the Arc Institute open-sourced Tahoe-100M and a 230-million-cell atlas in the same week — and argued that virtual cells, not just protein folders, are the next language model of biology.
39:22ENA Fields Medalist Stuck for Two Hours. AlphaProof Climbed for Three Days.Host Sarah Guo, Elad GilThe DeepMind team behind AlphaProof tells Sarah Guo and Elad Gil how an AlphaZero-style agent, a Lean verifier, and test-time reinforcement learning reached IMO silver — and why the missing skill is still theory building.
3:19:21ENComplexity without copies is just randomness: Lee Cronin on assembly theoryGuest Lee Cronin · Host Lex FridmanThe Glasgow chemist walks Lex Fridman through his controversial Nature paper, a proposed life meter for other worlds, and the claim that the universe is too big to contain its own future.
37:01ENDNA Is Code, but You Compile It with a PipetteHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilGinkgo Bioworks CEO Jason Kelly tells No Priors why cells are worth the magic, why biology has no AWS, and why a pandemic should look like cybersecurity.
2:18:25ENGrow Everything: Neri Oxman on Giving Nature a VoteGuest Neri Oxman · Host Lex FridmanThe designer-scientist who left MIT to build OXMAN talks silkworm pavilions, bees in space, and why the end of human agency might be the start of nature's.
35:24ENThe Author of Attention Is All You Need Now Compiles mRNA Like BytecodeHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilJakob Uszkoreit on why Transformers won, why models spend compute on the wrong things, and why drug discovery has to become generation rather than screening.
2:07:04ENThe Ribosome Already Solved Digital ManufacturingGuest Neil Gershenfeld · Host Lex FridmanNeil Gershenfeld tells Lex Fridman why Turing separated the head from the tape, how fab labs are the personal-computer moment for making things, and what it would take to grow a civilization from about twenty parts.
46:57EN95% of Drug Programs Fail. Daphne Koller Is Betting Machine Learning on the First DecisionHost Sarah Guo, Elad GilA new medicine still takes more than a decade and well over a billion dollars — and Insitro's founder argues the expensive failures start with the wrong target, indication, or patient.
2:06:25ENNathalie Cabrol Wants the Nature of Life, Not Just a Signal from MarsGuest Nathalie Cabrol · Host Lex FridmanThe SETI Institute astrobiologist tells Lex Fridman why crater lakes, panspermia, and a Mandelbrot view of language all point to the same question: what life actually is.
3:43:01ENPut Hydrogen and CO2 in a Tube. Thermodynamics Wants Cells. Nothing Happens.Guest Nick Lane · Host Lex FridmanBiochemist Nick Lane talks Lex Fridman through hydrothermal vents, mitochondria, sex, consciousness, and why bacteria should be common while civilizations are not.
2:13:16ENEvery Atom in Your Body Was Forged in a Dead StarGuest Martin Rees · Host Lex FridmanMartin Rees talks Lex Fridman through dark matter, alien life, one-way Mars trips, and why this century is the first in which one species holds the planet.
2:10:39ENDemis Hassabis: Solve Intelligence, Then Solve Everything ElseGuest Demis Hassabis · Host Lex FridmanThe DeepMind CEO tells Lex Fridman why the Turing Test is the wrong exam, how AlphaFold rewrote biology, and why the quiet radio sky suggests we are probably alone.
2:55:05ENExtinction awareness is the human trait Mason wants to carry to the starsGuest Chris Mason · Host Lex FridmanCornell geneticist Chris Mason on why seeing our own end creates a duty to engineer life for other worlds — and what a 500-year plan would actually require.
3:05:24ENTravis Oliphant wrote NumPy in an empty semester — and still wants open source to payGuest Travis Oliphant · Host Lex FridmanThe creator of NumPy, SciPy, and Anaconda tells Lex Fridman how array thinking, a priced book, and the packaging wars shaped scientific Python.
3:02:43ENHumanity Cannot Survive on the Right Person Showing Up at the Right TimeGuest Max Tegmark · Host Lex FridmanMIT physicist Max Tegmark tells Lex Fridman why AI should be as well understood as rockets, why 2020 was a warning on weapons and news, and why luck is a terrible long-term plan.
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