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55:08ENOne Model Inside 38 Products: Paige Bailey on How Google Trains and Ships PaLM 2Moderation: Nathan LabenzAt Google I/O in May 2023, PaLM 2 arrived already running in more than two dozen products — and its lead product manager walks through what that actually took.
6:28ENA Historical GPT-3.5 Fine-Tuning WalkthroughMatthew Berman · Forward FutureMatthew Berman demonstrates generating synthetic examples in Colab and training a model to use a distinctive tone.
52:48ENOpenAI Cut Fine-Tuning 90 Percent, and Founders Crossed Llama 2 Off the ListModeration: Nathan LabenzNathan Labenz and Erik Torenberg walk through GPT-3.5 Turbo fine-tuning, why self-hosting still loses on total cost, and what is actually working in code, school, and medicine.
35:24ENThe Author of Attention Is All You Need Now Compiles mRNA Like BytecodeModeration: Sarah Guo, Elad GilJakob Uszkoreit on why Transformers won, why models spend compute on the wrong things, and why drug discovery has to become generation rather than screening.
2:13:07ENHalf an Hour to a Circuit in GPT-2 Small — and a Quadratic Wall Before GPT-3Moderation: Nathan LabenzArthur Conmy walks Nathan Labenz through ACDC, the algorithm that automates the most tedious step of mechanistic interpretability: finding which transformer components actually do a task.
5:53ENPetals: Distributing Large Language Model Inference Across DevicesMatthew Berman · Forward FutureIn 2023, Matthew Berman explains Petals as a way to use large models through a network of participating computers rather than loading every layer on one device.
12:20ENTesting UltraLM 13B: A Small Model’s Strengths and Reasoning ErrorsMatthew Berman · Forward FutureA 2023 local test finds useful writing and simple coding alongside failures in games, arithmetic and logic.
1:33:56ENThe AI Scouting Report: 90 Minutes From GPT-4's Exam Scores to Whether Models UnderstandModeration: Nathan LabenzNathan Labenz spends a solo episode walking through what general-purpose models can do, how they are trained, how capabilities unlock, and whether they understand anything at all.
1:32:22ENA Million Bytes and 256 Symbols: Meta's MEGABYTE Wants to Throw the Tokenizer AwayModeration: Nathan LabenzLili Yu of Meta AI explains a multiscale transformer that predicts million-byte sequences, skips tokenization, and aims to model any file as raw bytes.
1:52:46ENCharge Neural Nets by Connection Length, and the Black Box Splits Into Modules You Can SeeModeration: Nathan LabenzMIT physicist Ziming Liu walks Nathan Labenz through BIMT, a brain-inspired training trick that sparsifies networks until you can read them by looking.
59:28ENFrom $500,000 to $50,000: MosaicML Made Training Your Own Model a Priced ProductModeration: Nathan LabenzJonathan Frankle and Abhi Venigalla explain who is training custom LLMs, why extraction beats chat, and how ALiBi stretches a 65k context window.
2:00:19EN1.5 Million GPT-4 Fairy Tales Let a 33-Million-Parameter Model Out-Reason GPT-2Moderation: Nathan LabenzTry this fill-in: Lily likes cats and dogs. She asked her mom for a dog. Mom said no, so she asked for a…
1:25:35ENTwo and a Half Years From 33.3% to 86.5%: Google Sent Foundation Models to Medical SchoolModeration: Nathan LabenzVivek Natarajan walks Nathan Labenz through Med-PaLM and Med-PaLM 2: the data-light techniques, the nine-axis clinician evals, and why a high USMLE-style score is the wrong trophy.
42:18ENTen Percent of Search Is Health — and the Doctor Is Googling TooModeration: Sarah Guo, Elad GilGoogle researcher Karan Singhal on Med-PaLM 2, the real bar for medical language models, and why medicine is a harder alignment lab than chatbots.
5:24ENGoogle I/O 2023: Bard, PaLM 2 and AI Across Google's ProductsMatthew Berman · Forward FutureMatthew Berman reviews Google's 2023 AI announcements and weighs its focus on improving established products.
4:14:33ENThe Next Token Is Not a Proof: Stephen Wolfram on ChatGPT and Computational TruthGast: Stephen Wolfram · Moderation: Lex FridmanIn his fourth conversation with Lex Fridman, Stephen Wolfram contrasts large language models with Wolfram|Alpha, then follows computational irreducibility from ChatGPT through observers, thermodynamics, and the three great theories of twentieth-century physics.
40:25ENA 6-Billion-Parameter Clone of ChatGPT’s Core TrickModeration: Sarah Guo, Elad GilDatabricks CTO Matei Zaharia tells Sarah Guo and Elad Gil how Dolly learned instruction-following on fifty times less data than GPT-3 — and why he would rather look facts up than bake them into a trillion-parameter network.
3:28:47ENKarpathy Calls Trained Neural Nets Complicated Alien ArtifactsGast: Andrej Karpathy · Moderation: Lex FridmanOn Lex Fridman's podcast, Andrej Karpathy refuses the brain analogy, walks the Fermi paradox through Nick Lane's chemistry, and treats the Transformer as a general-purpose differentiable computer.
2:10:08ENGato Is Only the BeginningGast: Oriol Vinyals · Moderation: Lex FridmanDeepMind's Oriol Vinyals talks with Lex Fridman about generalist agents, thrown-away weights, and whether human-level AGI arrives in his lifetime.
2:10:39ENDemis Hassabis: Solve Intelligence, Then Solve Everything ElseGast: Demis Hassabis · Moderation: Lex FridmanThe DeepMind CEO tells Lex Fridman why the Turing Test is the wrong exam, how AlphaFold rewrote biology, and why the quiet radio sky suggests we are probably alone.
2:45:10ENA Teenager Learns to Drive in Twenty Hours. A Car Still Cannot.Gast: Yann Lecun · Moderation: Lex FridmanYann LeCun tells Lex Fridman why self-supervised world models are the missing dark matter of intelligence, and why machines are not even at the level of a house cat.
2:31:57ENJay McClelland on How Thought Emerges From Neural NetworksGast: Jay McClelland · Moderation: Lex FridmanThe Stanford cognitive scientist talks with Lex Fridman about connectionism, backpropagation, David Rumelhart, and why intuition discovers what logic later proves.
2:51:33ENThe Self Is a GPT Prompt: Wojciech Zaremba on Consciousness, Codex, and Fermi's SilenceGast: Wojciech Zaremba · Moderation: Lex FridmanOpenAI co-founder Wojciech Zaremba tells Lex Fridman he thinks we might be alone in the universe — and that GPT-3, Codex, and a one-handed robot already hint at how intelligence is built.
2:18:29ENYour Cortex Is 150,000 Brains Voting on a Coffee CupGast: Jeff Hawkins · Moderation: Lex FridmanJeff Hawkins tells Lex Fridman that intelligence is learning a model of the world, the neocortex is tens of thousands of independent maps that vote, and the fastest path to machine intelligence is reverse-engineering that sheet.
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